Epidemiology of Pneumococcal Disease and Efficacy of Polysaccharide Vaccines in Adults
نویسنده
چکیده
Pneumococcal pneumonia and invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) remain a considerable cause of morbidity and mortality, with recent data showing a continued unacceptably high social and economic burden. Streptococcus pneumoniae can be isolated from 5-10% of healthy adults and 20-40% of healthy children1. Infection can result in a variety of clinical syndromes with meningitis, pneumonia, and sepsis among the most critical. It is also responsible for 30-50% of all community-acquired pneumonias,2,3 with a fatality rate of 7-35% for bacteremic pneumococcal pneumonia.4 Vaccination with the 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23) is an important preventive strategy in the United States.
منابع مشابه
Immunogenicity and Efficacy of Different Haemophilus influenzae type b Vaccines
Haemophilus influenzae, a major cause of meningitis in young children leading to death and other neurological sequelae. The disease leaves 15 to 35% of the survivors with permanent disabilities, such as, mental retardation or deafness. Despite the availability of new and more powerful antibiotics children with Hib meningitis still suffer from high mortality or morbidity. The emergence of multir...
متن کاملPneumococcal Disease Prevention Among Adults: Strategies for the Use of Pneumococcal Vaccines.
Use of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccines among children in the U.S. since 2000 has dramatically reduced pneumococcal disease burden among adults. Significant vaccine-preventable morbidity and mortality from pneumococcal infections still remains, especially among older adults. The U.S. Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) has recently recommended the routine use of both pneumoco...
متن کاملPneumococcal vaccination of elderly adults: new paradigms for protection.
Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine has been licensed for use in the United States for >30 years, and two-thirds of the elderly population in the United States have received this vaccine. Observational studies have demonstrated that pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine reduces the risk of invasive pneumococcal disease in immunocompetent elderly individuals, but neither observational studies nor ...
متن کاملPneumococcal vaccination in adults: rationale, state of the art and perspectives.
Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite the availability, since the early 1980s, of a 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PP V23), its recommendation and increased use in the last decades, and the indirect benefits against invasive pneumococcal diseases following the pediatric immunization strategies with the 7-valent pneumococca...
متن کاملThink globally, breathe locally.
polysaccharide pneumococcal vaccine adults in more developed countries: the state of the evidence. Lancet Infect Dis 2003;3:71–8. 8 Alfageme I, Vazquez R, Reyes N, et al. Clinical efficacy of anti-pneumococcal vaccination in patients with COPD. Thorax 2006;61:189–95. 9 Lexau CA, Lynfield R, Danila R, et al. Changing epidemiology of invasive pneumococcal disease among older adults in the era of ...
متن کامل